SELECT and WHERE:
Aggregrators: COUNT, SUM, MAX, GROUP BY, HAVING
DISTINCT, COUNT DISTINCT:
Joins:
Self Joins:
UNION and UNION ALL:
CASE WHEN:
Handling NULLs creatively: COALESCE
Subqueries:
Window functions: PARTITION, LEAD, LAG, NTILE
UDFs:
Recursive CTEs: